套袋对黄冠梨果实矿质元素含量的影响

Effect of Bagging on Contents of Mineral Elements in Huangguan Pear Fruit

以黄冠梨为试材,研究套袋果实生长发育过程中矿质营养含量变化与花斑病发生的关系。结果表明,套3层袋和白袋处理后,果皮中K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn和Mn变化趋势与裸果基本一致。在花后80 d,套3层袋处理果皮中K、Mg和Fe含量显著高于裸果,而Ca的含量却显著低于裸果,套白袋的果皮中Ca含量也显著低于裸果。同时套3层袋果皮中Ca/K、Ca/Mg和Ca/(Mg+K)显著地低于裸果。而Cu和Mn含量以套白袋的为最高,其次为3层袋和裸果。套3层袋处理果皮中Zn含量在花后80～90 d与不套袋裸果无显著差异,在花后100 d显著的低于对照,但与套白袋的果实无显著性差异。套袋果皮中Ca含量的下降和K、Mg等矿质营养含量的增加与黄冠梨果面花斑病的发生有密切的关系。

The change of mineral element contents in fruit bagged was observed,and its relationship with browning spot of Huangguan pear was explored as well.The resulted showed that：the trends of K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu,Zn,Mn changes of the fruits of covered three layers bag and white bag were similarly with without bag fruits.For the fruit of 80 days after flowering,the content of K,Mg and Fe in covered three layers bag were significantly higher,but the Ca was lower than without bag fruits.The Ca content in the white bag was lower than which in the without bag fruits.Moreover,the ratios of Ca/K,Ca/Mg and Ca/（Mg＋K） in covered three layers bag were significantly lower than the without bag fruits.The content of Cu and Mn was highest in the fruit from white bag,followed by three layers bag and without bag fruits.The content of Zn in the fruit peel 80-90 days after flowering was no difference compared between three layers bag and without bag,but which from three layers bag was significantly lower than the fruit from white bag 100 days after flowering.The contents of Ca decreasing and K,Mg increasing is closely related to the generation of speckles in the surface of Huangguan pear.