论迪斯雷利的帝国观

Disraeli's Position on the British Empire

迪斯雷利是英国保守党政治谋略家。面对自由主义在19世纪的英国已经扎下根的政治现实,迪斯雷利及时对保守党的策略做出重大调整,最终完成了对保守党的改造,是"新托利主义"的创立者。集中体现迪斯雷利帝国立场的1872年水晶宫演讲,并没有反映历史的真实,很大程度上它只是保守党和自由党之间党争的产物。自由党和保守党的帝国政策自然存在差异与分歧,但决不是像迪斯雷利所强调的那样泾渭分明。所谓的自由党和保守党帝国政策之争,实际上并不真正存在,它只是迪斯雷利出于和自由党争权夺利的需要而刻意挑选的一个突破口。政治家们为击败政敌而做出的各种姿态,不能作为历史评判的主要依据。

As a famous British Conservative politician and a creator of Neo - Toryism in the 19th Century, Disraeli accom- plished the Tory＇s reconstructing by adjusting the policy of Conservative Party in time. Largely, his ＂Crystal palace Speech＂ in 1872 was not the real opinion, but a product of struggles between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party. Although there were the disagreements between the two Parties, they were not so entirely different as Disraeli had described. Essentially, those different opinions were merely a breakthrough in order to strife for the power with the opposite one. Some postures of a politician are not taken as important evidences to analysis his real political position,