《国语》民族关系中“礼”的作用

The Function of "Rite" on the International Relationship in Guoyu

春秋时期,"礼"的约束力大大减弱,在民族融合的进程中失去了它最初的效力。《国语》所载反映了这一实际。诸夏多藐视戎狄,往往置"礼"于不顾,或以守"礼"之名行"非礼"之事,以达到某种政治目的。亦有开明的国君、卿大夫能从大局出发,以"礼"为指导,混同"夷"、"夏"文化。而戎狄也在不断吸收华夏先进礼乐文化的过程中,主动归附诸夏,维护了民族间的和谐。

In the Spring and Autumn Period,the binding force of the ＂Rite＂ was weakened greatly.It lost its initial effect in the process of the national fusion.Guoyu illustrated this phenomenon.The Zhuxia regimes often neglected the ＂Rite＂ because of their contempt to Rongdi,or did things violating ＂Rite＂ in order to achieve certain political goals.There were still enlightened monarchs and ministers who mixed ＂Yi＂ and ＂Xia＂ culture in the light of ＂Rite＂ from the overall situation.Rongdi also constantly absorbed the Chinese advanced rites and music,pledged allegiance actively to Zhuxia,and maintained the inter-ethnic harmony.