新疆哈密瓜疫病掘氏疫霉及寄主范围的初步研究

On the Host Range of Phytophthora Drechsleri Tuker of Hami Melon Phytophthora Blight in Xinjiang

据1981～1983年9个哈密瓜生产基地根颈部病害的病原成份调查表明,哈密瓜疫病的优势种为掘氏疫霉菌(Phytophthora drechsleri Tucker.)。为澄清在新疆掘氏疫霉的寄主范围,1989～1990年用1981年采自鄯善县哈密瓜上分离的单孢(Phy-6)菌株,在温室平均温度25～28℃条件下对5科25种自然根颈感病的栽培作物作接种试验。结果表明,本菌是葫芦科大多数作物的重要致病菌,并可侵染棉花和红花;在有伤口条件下可以侵染南瓜、西葫芦和茄株;对苦瓜、丝瓜,豆科作物的豇豆、四季豆、菊科的向日葵、茄科的蕃茄、辣椒、烟草、马铃薯、蔷薇科草莓(植株)等均不能致病。

Phytophthora drechsleri is the dominant pathogene who harm the Hami melon of Xinjiang. This result was investigated for Phytophthora blight sitution and pathogen species from 9 commodity Hami melon planted countries in Xinjiang since 1981～1983. The initial ersearch has been done from 1989～1990 in order to clarify the host range of Phytophthora drechsleri in Xinjiang. Using the Phytophthora drechsleri which isolation and pure culture from Hami melon diseased plant in Shanshan county in 1981 and making artificial inoculation for 5 families and 25 kinds cultured crops in greenhouse separately. The result shows, that Phytophthora drechsferi was a important pathogen for most cucubit crops. It could infect pumpkin, summer squask and egglant under wounded conditionand infect cotton and safflower, whether wound inoculate or not, It couldn't infect cowpea and kidney bean of Leguminous plants, wunflower of Composite crops, pepper, tomato, and tobaco of SoIanaceous crops as well as strawberry of Rosaceae.