白三叶与长柄百脉根不同混合比例对延边黄牛瘤胃泡沫及产气的影响

Effects of different ratios of white clover to lotus pedunculatus on rumen foam and gas production of Yanbian cattle

蛋白含量高的豆科牧草及高蛋白饲料饲喂反刍动物时易发生臌胀病,为有效防止臌胀病的发生,试验用4种不同比例的白三叶和长柄百脉根(分别为21、22、23、24)添加延边黄牛瘤胃液培养24 h后测量干物质重、可溶性蛋白质、泡沫生成量(cc)、气体生成量及缩合单宁变化来比较差异。培养24 h后,各处理中水溶性缩合单宁和纤维结合单宁减少,而蛋白结合单宁增加。白三叶与长柄百脉根比例为2 3时比单独的白三叶处理时泡沫产生量显著减少;随着长柄百脉根的添加,CO2产量显著减少。这些结果表明,长柄百脉根内水溶性缩合单宁与可溶性蛋白结合转变为蛋白结合单宁,从而减少瘤胃内泡沫与气体生成,防止瘤胃臌胀病的发生,同时保护过瘤胃蛋白。含单宁牧草在高蛋白牧草中效果显著的最低添加比例为22。

This experiment was designed to prevent tureen bloat, easily caused by feeding rumi- nants with high protein feed, from occurring effectively. Adding different ratio of the white clo- ver to lotus pedunculatus （2 ： 1, 2 ： 2, 2 ： 3 and 2 ： 4） to rumen liquid, and then measured the weight of dry matter, soluble protein, foam production （cc）, gas production and the changes of condensed tannins after cultured for 24 h. The results indicated that soluble condensed tan- nin and fiber bound condensed tannin decreased in different treatments, in addition, soluble condensed tannin reduced while protein bound condensed tannin increased reversely. When the ratio was 2 ： 3, foam production （cc） decreased significantly compared with treatment with white clover alone, along with the increasement of lotus pedunculatus, the production of CO2 was de- creased. In conclusion, the soluble condensed tannin in lotus pedunculatus was able to bind sol- uble protein and then converted into protein bound condensed tannin. This course can prevent the produce of foam and occurrence of rumen bloat as well as protect the undegradation protein. In order to get the significant effect, the lowest ratio of tannin containing forages in high protein forages was 2 ： 2.