制作录音制品著作权法定许可的争论与思考

Contentions and Reflections on the Copyright Right Law Concerning Recording License Statutory

《中华人民共和国著作权法》修改草案第一稿第46条规定的制作录音制品法定许可规则引发音乐界人士的质疑和学术界的讨论。与现行法规定比较,修改草案第一稿具有进步性。相较而言,修改草案第二稿及随后的草案采取一删了之的做法具有片面性。实际上,该规则并不是对表演权而是对复制权和发行权的限制。在立法中做出相应的规定,不仅有助于维护公平的竞争环境,而且是保障著作权人和消费者利益的需要。我国的现有规定与美国、日本、韩国等国家的强制许可规范有差异,但是在制度设计上可以互相借鉴。可行的做法是完善现有的法律制度,消解权利人的合理担忧,实现该规则的立法意旨。

The recording license statutory laid in Section 46 of Copyright Law of the People＇s Republic of China（Revised Draft） for the first time triggers widespread questions and discussions in musical and academic circles.Compared to current statutory version,the first revised draft is progressive in several aspects.Unfortunately,the second and following revised drafts,which demand direct deletion of misuse and pirate versions without distinction,are ex parte in that,the regulation restricts not the right of performance,but the right of copy and publishing.Laying down corresponding rules and regulations can maintain an atmosphere of fair competition,besides protecting the welfare and profits of both right-holders and consumers.Despite the difference between China＇s provision entitled statutory license and the compulsory license in the United States,Japan,Korea and other countries,there is much that we can learn from each other.It is feasible to perfect existing rules and regulations,to eliminate right-holders＇ worries,and thus to fully realize the essential legislation purposes.