地铁人员疏散基本参数的测算与分析

Measurement and analysis of metroevacuation parameters

以某地铁一、二号线的三个站台为录像观测点,采集人员录像数据。通过对录像资料统计分析,获得乘客的基本特征数据,如年龄、性别、群体关系、穿鞋情况和携带行李情况,为人员疏散和性能化防火设计提供了基础数据。通过对267个观测对象的统计分析,得出了移动速度与其他行为特征和环境因素之间的相互关系。研究发现:老人、小孩,携带大件行李者,穿拖鞋和高跟鞋的乘客以及有人陪同人员,移动速度相对较慢;水平行走速度最快,上楼梯移动速度最慢,防火设计应着重考虑上行方向的安全疏散问题;在正常情况下,性别差异对移动速度没有太大影响。

Taking 3 platforms in a Metro line 1 and 2 as observa tion points, data of people flow was collected by video. By anal＇yzing the data, parameters such as age, gender, group relation, shoes and luggage were collected, which provided basic data for evacuation and performance based design. Through statistically analyzing 267 observed objects, the relationship of movement speed, other behavioral characteristics and environment factors were gotten. Research showed that the aged, children, people with large luggage, slippers or high heels, and people with companion moves slower; walking horizontally is the fast; gender has small influence on the speed.