辛亥革命后陕西革命政权社会发展政策研究

Research on the Social Development Policy of Shaanxi Revolutionary Regime After the Revolution of 1911

1911年10月西安新军起义后,陕西革命党人建立的革命政权经历了秦陇复汉军政府、中华民国秦省军政府和中华民国陕西都督府(1914年7月前)三个阶段。在革命党人主政期间,陕西革命政权颁布了一系列发展社会良策,具体表现在:政治方面,积极推行民主政治,开放舆论,建立民主政团和地方自治组织;经济方面,采取了整顿厘务、裁汰书斗、恢复生产、兴办实业、统一币制、设立银行等恢复和发展经济的政策;社会方面,制定和执行了禁烟、剪辫和放足等革除社会陋习的政策;文化教育方面,恢复和整顿学务,发展高等教育和社会教育,并派遣留学生。陕西革命政权采取的发展社会政策在一定程度上促进了近代陕西社会的发展,为国民政府时期陕西的社会发展打下了一定的基础。

After the uprising of New Army in Xi＇an on October 1911,the revolutionary regime built by members of revolutionary party in Shaanxi Province went through three stages.During the administration of the revolutionaries,the regime issued a series of good policies for economic recovery and social development：in the political aspects： promoting the democracy,opening up public opinion,establishing democratic political groups and local self-governing organizations;in the economic aspects：rectifying service to weed out the superfluous and unqualified book,restoring production and industrial projects,unifying currency,establishing banks;In social aspects,formulatiing and implementing non-smoking,cutting braided and getting rid of bad habits;In cultural and educational aspccts,restoring and rectifying school affairs,developing higher education and social education and sending students abroad to study.These policies,to certain extent,promoted the development of modern society in Shaanxi and laid a foundation for social development of the province in the period of National Government.