利用生物技术创造甘蓝育种新材料的方法研究

Study on the Method of Creation of Cabbage Breeding New Materials Using Biological Technology

以5个甘蓝品种为试材,从基因型以及培养基中的有机成分、蔗糖浓度和激素浓度4个方面,对利用生物技术创造甘蓝育种新材料的方法进行了研究。结果表明:不同品种之间的遗传差异影响了参试甘蓝花药胚状体的诱导频率;培养基中的有机成分、蔗糖浓度和激素浓度均对胚状体诱导频率有较大影响。并建立了1套通过甘蓝花粉培养诱导产生单倍体植株的技术:取未授粉甘蓝花药和花粉,接种在蔗糖浓度为10%、附加NAA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 2 mg/L的MS培养基中,诱导胚状体产生及萌发;将胚状体接种在附加NAA 0.2 mg/L的MS培养基中进行生根诱导,30 d后生根率达89%,且根数较多,平均根长1.0～2.0 cm,芽苗生长健壮。利用该技术获得单倍体再生植株所需要的时间一般为80 d左右。

Using 5 cabbage varieties as materials, the method of creation of cabbage breeding new materials by biological technology was studied from four aspects of genotype and organic component, sucrose concentration and hormone concentration in the culture medium. The results showed that induction frequency of anther embryoids of tested cabbage was affected by genetic differences of different varieties. Organic component, sucrose concentration and hormone concentration in the culture medium had great influences on embryoid induction frequency. A set of technology of induced haploid plants by cabbage pollen culture was established, the unpollinated anthers and pollen of cabbage were nurtured in MS medium with 10% of sucrose concentration and adding NAA 0.2 mg/L ＋ 6-BA 2 mg/L to induce embryoids generation and germination, then the embryoids were inoculated on the MS medium with NAA 0. 2 mg/L for 30 days to root induction, and the rate of rooting reached to 89% , the number of roots was large, the average root length was 1.0 - 2.0 cm, bud seedling growed healthy. The time required to obtain haploid regenerated plants was generally about 80 days by the technology.