耳鼻喉科患者合并医院感染的相关因素及护理对策

Related factors and nursing countermeasures for nosocomial infections in ENT patients

目的探讨引起耳鼻喉科医院感染相关因素及护理对策,以降低医院感染的发生率。方法回顾性分析780例耳鼻喉科患者的临床资料,统计医院感染发生情况,比较合并医院感染与非医院感染患者在年龄、性别、合并其他疾病、实施侵入性诊疗操作、预防应用抗菌药物、住院季节、住院时间等方面的差异。结果 780例耳鼻喉科住院患者发生医院感染30例,感染率为3.85%;医院感染患者年龄(65.56±13.56)岁,合并其他疾病、侵入性诊疗操作、预防应用抗菌药物、夏季住院感染分别为40.00%、50.00%、43.33%、53.33%,住院时间(14.89±5.62)d;非医院感染组的年龄(50.43±12.56)岁,合并其他疾病、侵入性诊疗操作、预防应用抗菌药物、夏季住院分别为9.07%、16.53%、18.93%、25.33%,住院时间(11.25±4.45)d,两组感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);是医院感染的相关因素。结论耳鼻喉科患者医院感染发生与多种因素相关,应实施针对性护理对策避免或减少医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore the causes of nosocomial infections in ENT department and propose the nursing countermeasures so as to redllce the incidenle of nosocomial infections. METHODS The clinical data of totally 780 patients in ENT department were retrospectively analyzed, the incidence of nosocomial infections was statistically analyzed, the differences between the patients with infections and the patients without infections were compared in respect of the age, gender, combination with other diseases, invasive operation, prophylactic antibiotics, hospitalization season, and the hospitalization duration. RESULTS Nosocomial infections occurred in 30 of 780 hospitalized patients in otolaryngology department with the infection rate of 3.85%, the age （65.56 ± 13.56） years, combination with other diseases （40. 00%）, the invasive operation （50. 00%）, prophylactic use of antibiotics （43.33 %）, the summer （53.33 %）, and the hospitalization duration （14.89±5.62） of the patients with infections, which were higher than（50.43±12.56）years, 9.07%, 16.53%, 18.93%, 25.33%, and （11.25±4.45）d of the patients without infections, were the related factors for the nosocomial infections. CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections in the otolaryngology department is related to a variety of factors, the corresponding nursing measures should be taken to avoid or reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.