萧何“制律九章”祛疑

The Rerearch on Xiao He's "Secondary Statutes"

班固在《汉书》中将"制律九章"与"萧何次律令"并提,表明两者不矛盾,具有鲜明刑罚色彩的律九章是萧何的工作重心,而非其制律工作的全部产物,律九章成篇过程是在全面继承秦律基础上,以"次"的方式,制作汉律,其产物也不只是律九章,因为很多律篇都有刑罚内容,但当这些律篇部分刑罚内容或全部刑罚内容被"次"入律九章时,其他诸律也是"次"后的产物,这一点在《厩律》成篇过程中体现的最为明显。之所以萧何采用编次的方法是与汉律结构组成可划分为自然章句与篇章有关,编次不仅使汉律苛酷问题依然存在,而且律九章非系统倾向非常明显,与人们习惯称之,使人常联想为系统法典的"九章律"相去甚远。萧何编次秦律有增有删,并对秦律内容作了力所能及适应时代需要的修改。

Ban Gu and Wang Chong referred the legal system of Xiao Heas＂load the legal system with nine chapters＂or＂the law consisting of nine chapters＂,instead of the＂Jiu Zhang Lv＂.（九章律）What＇s more,both of them pointed out that this legal system was concerned with penal provisions.After comparing＂load the legal system with nine chapters＂with ＂the Secondary Statutes of Xiao He＂,Ban Gu indicated that the legal system of Xiao He,mainly based on the law system of Qin Lv,was made up of provisions and chapters,as the structure of Han Lv could be divided into natural chapters and discourse.Therefore,the＂Jiu Zhang Lv＂was both severe and unsystematic.It showed little resemblance to the＂Jiu Zhang Lv＂,which was systemic law that people usually referred to.＂Jiu Zhang Lv＂,which was composed by Xiao He,was the product of the chapters in Qin Lv which were mainly concerned with penalty.