原发冲击伤模拟实验概述

Researches on simulation of primary blast injury:an overview

冲击波致伤动物模型是原发冲击伤模拟实验研究的前提和保障。目前绝大多数实验模拟冲击波是使用炸药产生冲击波和冲击波生成装置两种方法。早期建立冲击伤模型是使用烈性炸药产生冲击波致伤动物,随着技术的发展,冲击波生成装置取代烈性炸药应用到动物实验研究中。冲击波生成装置常见两种类型:生物激波管装置和激光冲击波发生装置。各种生物激波管装置已发展成熟并被广泛使用,激光冲击波发生装置也显示出独特的优势,大大促进了冲击伤模拟实验研究的开展。

Blast-induced injury animal models are the premise and guarantee of simulation researches of primary blast injury. At present, most experiments simulating blast are conducted by two kinds of methods： explosion-induced blast and blast generators. In the early stage, high explosives were used to produce blast in blast-induced animal modeling. With the development of technology, blast generators instead of high explosives were applied to experimental researches. There are two common types of blast generators： the bio-shock tubes and laser blast generator. All kinds of bio-shoek tubes have already developed and widely used, and laser blast generators shows also unique advantages. The development of blast gen- erators has given an enormous impetus to the experimental researches of primary blast injury in the laboratory.