模拟高海拔氦氧常规潜水减压方案的计算和验证

Calculation and verification of the simulated high altitude heliox conventional diving decompressionschedule

目的运用高海拔气压值与海平面气压值之比，计算高海拔氦氧常规潜水的减压方案，并在高低压舱内模拟高海拔氦氧常规潜水验证减压方案的安全性。方法用高海拔气压值与海平面气压值的比率作为校正因子，对氦氧常规潜水减压表中各有关深度值进行修正后确定4个高海拔氦氧常规潜水减压方案。4名健康男性潜水员在高低压舱内分别暴露于海拔3000、4000和5200m，进行了模拟30m／60min和50m／60min的氦氧常规潜水，减压过程中每隔1个停留站深度及返回高海拔压力时对潜水员进行舱内心前区多普勒超声气泡检测及录音。结果静态、动态多普勒超声气泡检测均未发现血流气泡音，也未发现减压病症状和体征。结论本研究确定的4个减压方案安全可行。

Objective To calculate the decompression schedule for the simulated high altitude heliox conventional dive, by using the ratio of high altitude air pressure and sea level air pressure to simulate heliox conventional dive at high altitude, and then to verify the safety of the decompression schedule. Methods Data at various depths in the heliox conventional diving schedule were revised by using the ratio of high altitude air pressure and sea level air pressure as an adjusting factor. Then, 4 decompression schedules were developed for the high altitude heliox conventional diving. Four male healthy divers were exposed to 3000, 4000 and 5200 m above sea level in the high-low pressure chamber and carried out simulated 30 m/60 min and 50m/60min heliox conventional dives. During the process of decompression, pre-eordial Doppler ultrasonic bubble detections and recordings inside the chamber were made every other decompression stage, and when the divers returned to ambient pressure at high altitudes. Results Static and dynamic Doppler bubble detection indicated that there were neither bubbles in the blood stream nor symptoms and signs of decompression sickness. Conclusions The diving decompression schedules developed through our research are safe and practically feasible.