武汉地区中年长江船员血管健康状况调查

Cardiovascular health survey of the mid-aged Changjiang River mariners in Wuhan region

目的对武汉地区长江航运部门部分中年职工进行血管健康状况调查。方法采取横断面整群抽样方法，回顾性分析武汉长江航运行政管理单位在职公务员（公务员组，195人）与海事部门在职职工（船员组，217人）体检资料，主要有全自动动脉硬化测定仪记录的四肢血压及左右侧臂．踝脉搏波传导速度（BAPWV）、心-踝脉搏波传导速度（HAPWV）、右侧心-臂脉搏波传导速度（HBPWV）以及收缩时间间期（STI）以及血脂、血糖。结果船员组高血压患病率为28．6％，公务员组为17．4％，2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。女性船员高血压患病率为23．3％（10／43），女性公务员为14．6％（7／48），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；男性船员高血压患病率为29．9％（52／174），男性公务员为18．4％（27／147），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。用协方差计算，男性公务员代谢正常者51．4岁时BAPWV为（1448．3±20．7）cm，95％可信区间为1407．4-1489．2cm；船员组为（1372．8±20．0）cm，95％可信区间为1333．3-1412．3cm。2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），2组年龄差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论高血压是中年船员血管危险的主要因素。中年男性公务员代谢正常者51．4岁起至少有95％的人存在主动脉僵硬度增高、易患血管粥样硬化的风险。

Objective To investigate the cardiovascular health status of a certain number of mid-aged mariners of Wnhan Changjiang River Shipping Administrative Department. Methods The cross-sectional cluster sampling method was used to analyze retrospectively the health examination data of the 195 government office workers at their posts of the Wuhan Changjiang River Shipping Administrative Department （the government office worker group） and the workers of the Maritime Affairs Department （ the ship crew group）. Following health data were used in the study ： the blood pressure of extremities, the right and left brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （BAPWV）, the heart-ankle pulse wave velocity （HAPWV）, the fight heart-braehial pulse Wave Velocity （HBPWV） and the systolic time interval （STI） recorded with the full automatic atheroselerosis eryoscope. Blood fat and blood sugar were also detected for the study. Results For the ship crew group, morbidity rate of blood hypertension was 28. 6%, .while that for the government office worker group was 17.4%. Statistical significance could be noted, when comparisons were made between the 2 groups （P 〈 0.05 ）. Morbidity rate of blood hypertension for the females in the ship crew group was 23.3% （ 10/43 ）, while that for the females in the government office worker group was 14.6% （ 7/48 ）. Statistical significance could also be noted, when comparisons were made between them （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Morbidity rate of blood hypertension for the males in the ship crew group was 29.9% （52/174）, while that for the males in the government office worker group was 18.4% （27/147）. Statistical significance could also be noted, when comparisons were madebetween them （P 〈 0.05 ）. Covariance indicated that BAPWV for the males with normal metabolism at the age of 51.4 in the government office worker group was（ 1448.3 ＋ 20.7）cm, and that 95% confidence interval was 1407.4 - 1489.2 cm, while BAPWV for the males in the ship crew group was（ 1372.8 ± 20.0） cm, with 95% confidence interval of 1333.3 - 1412.3 cm. Statistical importance could be seen, when comparisons were made between the 2 groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Statistical importance could also be seen in age, when comparisons were made between them （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Hypertension is the main cardiovascular risk factor for the mid-aged ship crew. For the mid-aged civil servants with normal metabolism, at least 95% of them have worse aortic stiffness, with a greater risk of developing atherosclerosis.