福建省创建无烟医院控烟效果评价

Effect evaluation on smoking control intervention among non-smoking hospitals in Fujian Province

目的了解福建省创建无烟医院情况,为实现医疗卫生单位全面禁烟提供依据。方法在干预前和干预后分别采用简单随机方法抽取福州市、三明市及将乐县12家医院共2065名工作人员和采用拦截法抽取480名患者及家属进行相关调查。结果干预前男性工作人员吸烟率31.78%(女性吸烟率为0),干预后降为16.67%,干预前后差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.18,P<0.05)。干预前后大部分医生都能主动关心患者吸烟状况并提供戒烟建议,差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.62,P>0.05)。经过无烟医院创建活动,接受过控烟宣传的人和在院内看到有人劝阻吸烟者的比率,分别超出基线调查的10.41%和9.58%,但大部分医院吸烟区外仍可发现烟头,7家医院所辖区域内有人吸烟无人劝阻。结论福建省创建无烟医院的活动取得一定成效,医疗卫生单位须进一步强化窗口部门的控烟意识,努力提高医疗卫生单位控烟服务的能力,进而扩大对全社会的控烟健康教育。

Objective To investigate situation of non-smoking hospital in Fujian and provide evidence for imple- mentation of total smoking ban in medical institutions. Methods Before and after smoking control intervention, 2065 health care workers and 480 patients or their family members from 12 hospitals in Fuzhou , Sanming and Jiangle were randomly se- lected to participate for in the survey. Results The smoking rates of male staffs before and after intervention were 31. 78% and 16. 67% , respectively, and the difference had statistical significance （ X2 = 15. 18, P 〈 0. 05）. Before and after inter- vention there was no statistical significance found in the smoking related behaviors, such as coneerning the smoking condition of patients and advising them to give up smoking （ X2 = 3.62, P 〉 O. 05）. After the enforcement of non-smoking hospital program, the rates of health care workers who accepted intervention and smoking dissuasion were 10.41% and 9.58% higher than that of baseline survey. But cigarette ends still can be found in the non-smoking areas in hospitals and no one discouraged the smokers. Conclusion The program of non-smoking hospital in Fujian Province has made some improvement. To consolidate this achievement, it is necessary for medical institutions to strengthen tobacco control at the service-provide de- partment and improve the tobacco control ability. Furthermore, the medical institutions should set up long-effect model to spread tobacco control in society.