控释肥料与保水剂的施用对黄瓜幼苗生长及氮素淋洗的影响

Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer and Water Retaining Agent on Plant Growth and N Leaching of Cucumber During Seedling Nursery Period

以"中农12号"黄瓜为试材,通过盆栽试验,研究了控释肥料(CRF)与保水剂(WRA)的施用对黄瓜幼苗生长及育苗期内水、氮运移状况的影响。结果表明:与传统育苗方式相比,CRF和WRA的施用可略改变植株株型,最新展开叶片的SPAD显著提高;CRF1(3.2kg/m3)+CRF2(7.5kg/m3)与WRA1(聚丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺交联共聚物)或WRA2(丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸钾的交联共聚物)混和施用,可显著提高植株最新展开叶片的叶面积;CRF和WRA的施用可不同程度的降低无机氮素养分淋失,灌溉节水1.1%～11.7%,减少水分渗漏量1.1%～46.8%。综合分析植株生长状况、氮素淋失量及节水灌溉情况,CRF1+CRF2与WRA1或WRA2混和施用均可实现幼苗健壮生长、育苗期的节水灌溉及带肥移栽的目的,为移栽后大田生育前期的氮素根际调控及水分调控提供依据。

Taking ＇Zhongnong No. 12 ＇ cucumber as materials, a pot experiment was employed to determine the effects of controlled release fertilizer （CRF） and water retaining agent （WRA） on plant growth,water and N movement during seedling nursery stage of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L. ） . The results showed that CRF and WRA application could slightly affect plant growth and increase the SPAD value of the last extended leaf, compared with conventional seedling nursery practice. CRF1＋CRF2 blended with WRA1 or WRA2 could significantly increase the area of the last extended leaf. CRF and WRA application could reduce mineral N leaching, decrease irrigation rate by 1.1%-11.7 % and decrease water percolation volume by 1.1%-46.8%. Plant growth,N leaching and irrigation rate were taken into consideration, CRF1 4-CRF2 blended with WRA1 or WRA2 could produce healthy seedling, reduce N leaching and save irrigation water during seedling nursery period,while both controlled release N and water retaining agent remained in seedling medium at transplanting time would be useful for subsequent plant growth and N and irrigation management after transplanting.