非酒精性脂肪性肝病动物模型的研究进展

Advance on Animal Models of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是一系列除外酒精和其他明确损肝因素所致的,以肝实质细胞脂肪堆积为主要特征的一组代谢性疾病,包括单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎、脂肪性肝纤维化及肝硬化等,这类疾病与肥胖、糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗等代谢综合征的相关组分关系密切。查阅了近10年内国内外相关文献,对NAFLD动物模型的建立进行了阐述。NAFLD动物模型主要分为营养、药物或毒物等环境因素诱发模型和基因敲除或基因突变等遗传因素诱发模型。由于目前NAFLD的发病机制尚未完全明确,临床治疗上也缺乏有效措施,因此,建立高质量的动物模型对于该疾病的发病机制、药物治疗的研究有着重大意义。

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） refers to a wide spectrum of disorders that range from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis. NAFLD is associated strongly with such components of metabolic syndrome as obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance. To date, the pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been well elucidated, and few effective therapeutic approaches for NAFLD are available. Therefore, the development of animal models of NAFLD is very important in order to enhance our understanding of its pathogenesis.