西双版纳傣族社区居民地方感变化研究

Changes in the Sense of Local Belonging:A Case Study of the Dai Community in Xishuangbanna

本文以傣族园旅游社区为例,通过文献研究法、田野调查法、问卷调查法、部落绘图法等方法,分别对村民、民族精英、宗教人员、企业及政府人员等五类对象进行了调查研究。从调查所得数据阐释了现代西双版纳傣族地区居民生存环境的价值观、村寨结构认同和庭院景观意识的变化及原因。从中发现:生存环境的价值观、村寨结构的认同和庭院景观的意识体现,是组成傣族居民地方感的三个主要因素;随着社会的发展,新文化因子的不断移入,傣族居民的意识形态发生了很大的变化,最终使地方感产生重构;树立傣族居民对居住地正确的地方认同,有利于传统地方感的传承和保护;地方感的研究体现了环境、文化和心理过程相互协调发展的空间格局。地景的塑造表达了地方社会的意识形态,而地方意识形态又因地景的支持而不朽。

This paper uses different methods to study five groups in the Dai tourism community, that is, local villagers, the local elite, religions personnel, employees of the enterprises and government workers, and focuses on the changes in their values of coo-environment, village identity and courtyard landscape which are the three major factors helping form the sense of local belonging. The new social development with new cultural factors brings about changes in their ideology and the reconstruction of their sense of local belonging whose research covers the integration of environmental, cultural and psychological processes while the landscape and the local ideology are closely related and reflect each other＇s features.