乾隆年间清朝与阿富汗关系新探

An Reinterpretation of the Relations between Afghanistan and the Qing Imperial Court during the Reign of Emperor Qianlong

自从乾隆二十四年(1759)清朝统一新疆之后,与阿富汗等中亚伊斯兰国家的交往便成为清朝对外关系中的一个重要方面,对新疆和中亚局势均有深远而重大的影响。因各自所处立场及引证史料的不同,中外学者对这一问题的研究呈现出较大分歧,而该研究本身也仍有拓展的余地。本文在总结和吸取中外学者相关研究成果的基础上,通过发掘、分析清宫档案等原始史料和其他相关史料,试图对乾隆年间一度十分突出的清朝与阿富汗关系加以重新审视。

Since 1759 when the Qing Imperial Court unified Xinjiang, it attached great importance to the diplomatic relations with the Islamic countries in Central Asia like Afghanistan, which exerted far-reaching influence on Xinjiang of China and Central Asia. Scholars at home and abroad have contro-versial views on this issue due to different stands and diverse historical data. With a review of the pre-vious findings, this paper uses the archives of the Qing dynasty and other historical documents and gives an reinterpretation of the relations between the Qing Imperial Court and Afghanistan during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.