书法练习对儿童情绪及其调节策略发展的促进作用

Positive Effect of Practicing Chinese Calligraphic Handwriting on Emotion and Emotional Regulation Strategies in Children

本研究采用纵向设计,对170名儿童(实验组:101人;对照组:69人)进行为期两学年的追踪,旨在探讨书法练习对儿童情绪状态及认知性情绪调节策略发展的影响。研究发现,1)以前测成绩为协变量,后测时实验组的积极情绪显著高于对照组;2)实验组在"积极重新关注"、"计划"两维度上的情绪调节策略得分增量(后测-前测)显著高于对照组。结果表明,书法练习对儿童情绪及其调节策略发展具有促进作用。

Previous studies have established that practicing of Chinese calligraphy handwriting （PCCH） has an effect on reducing negative emotions （e. g. , anxiety） and can serve as a supplemental treatment for mental illness （see Kao et al. , 2006, 2011 for a review）. However, little is known about the relation between the PCCH and positive emotion. The present study investigates whether PCCH has a positive effect on emotional states and emotional regulation skills, which serve as core aspects of mental health. A longitudinal developmental design was employed in the present study： 170 primary school students were tested twice across a twoschool-year interval, i.e. , the beginning of Grade 3 to the end of Grade 4. During the interval, 101 students （the experimental group） joined a Chinese calligraphy course, which was held twice per week （ approximately 1.5 hours a time） plus extra exercises, whereas the remaining 69 students （the control group） did not enroll in the course The Chinese version of Positive And Negative Affect Scale for Children （PANAS-C） and the child version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire （CERQ-k） were used to test children emotional states and emotional regulation skills in groups （30 -40 participants per group） respectively. With the controlled positive emotions measured by PANAS-C in the pretest （experimental group： M = 51.91, SD = 11.13; control group： M = 51.82, SD = 12. 32 ）, analysis of covariance showed that the experimental group showed significantly more positive emotions （M = 53.90, SD = 10.80） than the control group （M = 50. 81, SD = 9. 66） in theposttest, F（1,167） = g. 03,p〈 05. However, no difference was found in negative emotions with similar analysis （F 〈 1.00）. More importantly, by using change scores （posttest minus pretest） on each components of the CERQ-k, the experimental group showed significantly more positive changes than the control group on two components ： positive refocusing （ t（168） = 1.99 , p 〈. 05 ） and refocus on planning （t（168） = 2. 20, p 〈. 05 ）. These results suggested that PCCH can have a positive effect on the development of emotional states and emotional regulation skills.