青少年情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感:情绪调节方式的中介作用

Adolescents'Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy and Subjective Well-being:the Mediating Effect of Regulatory Emotional Style

本研究的目的在于探讨青少年情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感之间的关系及情绪调节方式在其中的中介作用。采用《情绪调节自我效能感量表》、《情绪调节方式量表》、《青少年生活满意度量表》和《快乐感量表》对1128名中学生进行测查,结果表明:(1)情绪调节自我效能感与情绪调节方式、生活满意度、积极情感、消极情感关系紧密;(2)情绪调节自我效能感和情绪调节方式可显著预测主观幸福感;(3)减弱调节在情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感间起部分中介作用。

Regulatory emotional self-efficacy is a widely concerned issue in recent years. It is defined as the individual＇s confidence level of successfully managing their emotion. Regulatory emotional self-efficacy helps mitigate emotional tension, maintains self - control effectively and improves ones ability of self-control towards emotional impulsiveness. As an essential social competency, regulatory emotional self-efficacy has been demonstrated to impose various effects on the processes of attention, memory and motive. Failure in managing one＇s emotion will easily result in affective dysfunctions and decrease one＇s subjective well-being. Previous research has found that there are large differences in the effect of emotional regulation, which not only result from the ability or skill in regulating one ＇s emotions, but also from the perceived self-efficacy. On the ground of the above reasoning, the current study hypothesized that： （ 1 ） regulatory emotional self-efficacy will directly influence subjective well-being; （2） people with different regulatory emotional self-efficacy may choose different styles of emotional regulation; （ 3 ） people using different emotional managing strategies will show different positive and negative expression, and further influence their subjective well-being. The Regulatory Emotion Self-Efficacy Scale （Revised） , the Regulatory Emotional Style Questionnaire, The Youth Life Satisfaction Scale and the Happiness Scale were administered to 1128 middle school students. The Pearson correlation, hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling statistical methods were adopted to analyze data. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） regulatory emotion self-efficacy positively correlated with life satisfaction ; （2） the style of emotional regulation was associated with subjective well-being; （3） SEM analysis showed that the style of mitigating regulation served as the mediating variable between regulatory emotion self-efficacy and subjective well-being, and the mediating effect between positive affect expression and subjective well-being as well as negative affect inhibition and subjective well-being were 0. 017 and 0. 046, respectively. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that adolescents may experience more subjective well-being when they can effectively amplify their positive affects and manage their negative affects. More importantly, how one＇s regulatory emotional self-efficacy affects one subjective well-being may partly depend on what regulatory styles one chooses. The present study contributes to the current literature and promotes our understanding of regulatory emotional self-efficacy and may be applied to improving adolescents＂ mental health.