水库滑坡涌浪的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of landslide-induced water waves in reservoir

水库沿岸边坡失稳可能引发涌浪,威胁下游大坝安全。文章依据经典的Scott Russell’s wave generator实验,基于流体计算软件FLUENT提出了刚性滑块垂直入水的计算模型,并对流场的近、远场特征进行了分析。该计算模型以不可压缩粘性流体的Navier-Stokes方程和自由面追踪的VOF方法为基础,采用重整化群k-ε湍流模型,借助FLUENT软件中的动网格技术和UDF功能,定义滑块在水中的运动,从而实现水库滑坡涌浪的数值模拟。计算结果表明:滑块下落过程中,形成了反向的卷入波,随即涡流形成并伴随着生成孤立波。数值模拟的流场近、远场特征与解析解、实验结果基本吻合。因此模型可用于模拟岩石块体入水等问题。

Landslides in reservoir may generate impulse wave, which propagates downstream threatening safety of the downstream dams. This paper presents a numerical model to investigate a rigid body falling the into water vertically based on the typical Scott Russell＇s wave generator experiment using the popular CFD software FLUENT. The fluid characteristics of near field and far field were investigated. This numerical mod- el is based on Navier-Stokes equations and VOF method of tracing the free surface, combined with RNG k-~ turbulence model. Furthermore, the dynamic mesh technology and UDF （user defined function） are ap- plied to define the motion of slide mass. The numerical results showed that reverse plunging wave, which formed a vortex, was formed, in additional to the solitary wave. The numerical results indicated a good a- greement with the analytical solutions and the typical experimental results. This model can be developed to simulate the type of problem, such as rock mass plunging into water.