北疆地区食用菌细菌性褐斑病诊断与防治药剂筛选

Occurrence and Identification of Bacterial Brown Patch of Processing Mushrooms in Northern Xinjiang

【目的】新疆北疆地区食用菌细菌性病害发生普遍,是对平菇、阿魏菇商品价值有危害性的病害。研究明确引起该病害的主要病原菌特性,为进一步防治该病害打好基础。【方法】对采集的病株、病果进行病原菌的分离纯化,应用点蚀测试评估方法测定菌株的致病性;通过供试菌株的形态学特征检测确定病原的归属;室内抑菌毒力测试。【结果】供试菌株对供试双孢菇具有致病性差异,表现为菌株之间存在差异性。菌株形态特征:菌落乳白色,圆形,平展,表面光滑,有光泽,边缘平整,具明显的荧光反应。【结论】北疆地区食用菌细菌性病原菌是托拉斯假单孢杆菌(Pseudomonas tolaasii Paine)。室内抑菌毒力测试结果20%叶枯唑WP<20%噻菌铜sC<72%农用链霉素。但考虑药害残留,新制备杀细菌剂是较好选择。

[ Objective ] Brown blotch disease often makes edible fungi affected in Northern Xinjiang, which makes the commercial quality drop sharply in the cultivated Pleurotusferulae and in the oyster mushroom （Pleurotus ostreatus）. The infested cultivated Pleurotus ferulae were observed in succession in Habahe Country and Banfanggou and oyster mushroom （ Pleurotus ostreatus ） Township of Xinjiang during June, April and June in 2011. The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogens, which might make contribution to controlling the disease. [ Method ] Pathogenicity of isolates were measured by using pitting test inoculating. The strains were identified based on morphological, cultural and physiological; then antibacterial toxicity test in room was done. [ Result ] We can bisporus）. They have pathogenicitian screen strains with pitting test inoculating button differences and their morphology and characteristic mushroom （ Agaricus s are of ivory colony,round, flatted, smooth surface, shining luster, smooth margin and show significant fluorescence reaction. [ Conclusion ] The pathogenicity of brown blotch disease is Pseudomonas tolaasii. The antibacterial toxicity test result is 20% Bismerthiazol bactericide WP 〈 20% thiodiazole- copper SC 〈 72% agricultural streptomycin, but new bactericide is the better choice.