侧柏炭对血热出血证大鼠的作用及机制研究

Effects and mechanisms of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum on rats with blood-heat and hemorrhage syndrome

目的:探讨侧柏炭对血热出血模型大鼠的止血作用及机制。方法:采用干姜水煎剂15 g·kg-1结合5%乙醇给药15 d建立大鼠血热出血模型,以云南白药为阳性对照药,同时给予侧柏炭水煎剂(5.0,10.0 g·kg-1)进行治疗,考察大鼠一般体征(体重、饮食量、饮水量、二便及肛温)变化,全自动血细胞分析仪测定白细胞计数(WBC)、红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白含量(HGB)及红细胞压积(HCT),断尾法测定出血时间(BT),血液流变仪测定全血和血浆黏度,凝血仪测定血浆凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)及纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量,放射免疫法检测血浆中与甲状腺功能相关的生化指标三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)、反三碘甲状腺原氨酸(rT3)及促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平,病理学检查肺组织变化。结果:造模后大鼠体重增长率减慢,饮食量、饮水量、尿量及体温明显增加,粪便量及粪便含水量明显减少(P<0.05,P<0.01);血浆T4水平升高、T3和rT3浓度明显增加(P<0.05)、TSH浓度下降;WBC,RBC,HGB及HCT明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),全血高、中、低切黏度及血浆黏度显著增加(P<0.01);BT,TT,APTT显著延长(P<0.01),FIB含量显著增加(P<0.01)。灌胃给予云南白药或侧柏炭后,各组大鼠热象体征有明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01);凝血功能指标(BT,TT,APTT,FIB),甲状腺功能指标(T4,T3,rT3,TSH),WBC,RBC,HGB,HCT,全血黏度及血浆黏度渐趋于正常(P<0.05,P<0.01),且光镜下观察发现,各给药组大鼠肺组织病理性出血现象有所改善。结论:侧柏炭可通过抑制甲状腺功能、纠正血液流变学及凝血功能异常,改善血热出血大鼠的热象体征及病理性出血,发挥凉血止血功效。

Objective： To discuss the effect and mechanism of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum （PCC） on rats with blood heat and hemorrhage syndromes. Method： Rats were fed with 15 g ·kg^-1 water decoctions of Zingiberis Rhizoma and 5% alcohol for 15 days to establish the blood-heat and hemonrhage syndrome model. Yunnan Baiyao was taken as the positive control drug, and PCC decoctions （5.0, 10. 0 g ·kg^-1 ） were given simultaneously, in order to detect changes in general physical signs of rats, such as body weight, daily diet, volume of daily drinking and urine and stool, and rectal temperature. Automatic hematology analyzers was used to determine white blood cell （WBC） , red blood cell （RBC） , hemoglobin （HCB） , and hematoerit （ HCT）, blood time by docking （BT）. Blood rheometers was used to detect whole blood and plasma viscosities, thrombin time （TT） , activated partial thromboplastin time （APTF） , prothrombin time （PT） and fibrinogen content （FIB）. Indexes related to thyroid functions, such as triiodothyronine （ T3 ）, tetraiodothyronine （ T4）, reverse triiodothyronine （ rT3 ） and thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH） were measured by radio-im- munoassay, and changes in lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） stain. Result： After modeling, rats witnessed slow- down in weight growth rate, siguifieant increase in daily diet, volume of daily drinking, urine and temperature, significant decrease in stools and their water content （ P 〈 0.05, P 〈0. 01 ） , rise in plasma T4 level, notable growth in T3 and rT3 concentrations （ P 〈 0. 05） , decline in TSH concentration. Additionally, their WBC, RBC, HGB and HCT remarkably increased （P 〈 0. 05, P 〈 0. 01 ） , with significant increase in high, middle and low whole blood viscosities and plasma viscosity （P 〈0. 01 ） ; their BT, TT, APTF were notably prolonged （P 〈 0. 01 ）, with significant increase in FIB content （P 〈 0. 01 ）. After oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao or PCC, rats of all groups showed significant improvement in blood heat syndromes （ P 〈 0. 05, P 〈 0. 01 ） , and their blood coagulation in- dexes including BT, Tr, APTr, FIB, thyroid function indexes including T4, T3, rT3, TSH, WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were getting normal （P 〈 0. 05, P 〈 0, 01 ）. Conclusion： PCC can ameliorate blood heat symptoms and pathologic hemorrhage among rats with blood heat and hemorrhage syndromes by inhibiting thyroid functions and correcting hemorheo- logical and coagulation disorders.