人类胚胎发育、精子发生与DNA甲基化关系的研究进展

Research Progress in Human Embryonic Development,Spermatogenesis and DNA Methylation

表观遗传是指基因的核苷酸序列不发生变化,但基因表达却发生了可遗传的改变。DNA甲基化是表观遗传重要的调控机制,它参与了动物胚胎发育、基因印迹和X染色体失活等过程,在基因表达的调控中具有重要作用。DNA甲基化可引起基因组中相应区域染色质结构变化,使染色质高度螺旋化,凝缩成团,失去转录活性。现对DNA甲基化与人类胚胎发育与精子生成的关系等进行综述。

Abstraet：Epigenetics refers to the genetic nucleotide sequence does not change,while gene expression has a heritable change. DNA methylation is an important regulatory mechanism of epigenetics, which is in- volved embryonic development, genomic imprinting and X chromosome inactivation process, playing a signifi- cant role in the regulation of gene expression. DNA methylation can cause changes in chromatin structure ot the corresponding region, and make the chromatin so highly helical that condense into a ball, and then lose transcriptional activity. Here is to make a review on the relationship between DNA methylation and human embryonic development and spermatogenesis.