烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的合成

Synthesis of alkyl glycerol ether carboxylate anionic surfactant

以甘油、氯化氢和辛醇为原料,制备二辛基甘油醚,然后与氯乙酸反应,制得二辛基甘油醚羧酸盐阴离子表面活性剂。考察了反应温度、物料摩尔比、反应时间等因素对反应的影响。结果表明,反应的最佳条件为:投料摩尔比为(二辛基甘油醚)∶(NaOH)∶(ClCH2COOH)=1∶2.5∶1.2,第一步碱化反应温度为120℃,反应时间为3 h,然后冷却至70℃进行5 h的羧甲基化反应,活性物含量为80.8%。该新型表面活性剂具有较低的表面张力(γcmc=25.38 mN/m)和较低的临界胶束浓度(cmc=1.12×10-3mol/L)。

Glycerol, hydrogen chloride and octanol as raw material, preparing dioctyl glycerol ether and then reacted with chloroaceate acid, preparation of dioetyl glycerol ether carboxylate anion surfactant. Some influencing factors for synthesizing dioctyl glycerol ether carboxylate surfactant, such as reaction temperature, molar ratio, reaction time, etc. were studied. The results showed that the optimal reaction con- ditions were obtained：n（ dioctyl glycerol ether） ： n（ sodium hydroxide） ： n（ chloroacetic acid） = 1： 2.5： 1.2, the first alkalization reaction was run at 120 ℃ for 3 h. The carboxymethylation reaction was taken place at 70 ℃ for 5 h. 80.8% yield was attained under these conditions. It has good capacity of reducing surface tension（γcmc = 25.38 mN/m ） and low critical micelle concentration（cmc = 1.12×10 -3 mol/L）.