山西高原植被景观空间特征分析

Spatial Characters of Vegetation Landscape in Shanxi Plateau

以《山西省植被类型图》(1︰500 000)和《山西省地形图》(1︰500 000)为数据源,借助MAPGIS系统,对图件进行矢量化,建立研究区植被缀块数据库。选取2类9种景观指数,对山西高原植被景观格局进行分析。研究结果表明:1)农田植被占植被景观总面积的55.05%。在118个群系中以玉米(Zea mays)为主的农作物群系所占面积最大,为44.00%;以棉(Gossypium hirsu-tum)、麦(Triticum aestivum)为主的农作物群系次之,占8.44%,再次为白羊草(Bothriochloaischaemum)群系,为5.17%;2)在山西境内植被分布具有明显纬向地带性,以恒山为界,北部为温带草原带,南部为暖温带落叶阔叶林带;3)景观优势度指数很清晰地揭示了山西高原植被类型的地域特色,灌丛植被是山西高原植被景观的优势成分,其次是温性针叶林,再次是灌草丛。

Based on The Map of Vegetation Types of Shanxi Province （1 ： 500 000） and The Topograph ic Map of Shanxi Province （1 ： 500 000） ,the data-bases of vegetation patches were established through the vectorization of the maps with the MAPGIS technique. The vegetation landscape patterns in Shanxi plateau were analyzed by using 9 landscape indices. The results were as follows. 1） The farmland accounted for 55.05% of the total vegetation area. Within the 118 formations,corn-dominated crop formation occu pied the leading place,accounting for 44.00% of the total area of vegetation,followed by cotton ＆.wheat dominated formation, accounting for 8. 44%, and Bothriochlloa ischaemum formation, accounting for 5. 17%. 2）The vegetation distribution exhibited obvious latitudinal zonality, the temperate grassland was in the North of the Hengshan Mountain, and the warm deciduous broad-leaved forest in the South of the mountain. 3） Landscape dominant index clearly indicated the zonal characters of vegetation types in Shanxi plateaux the scrub vegetation was the dominant element,followed by warm conifer forest,and the shrubby grasslands.