巩乃斯河新疆裸重唇鱼和斑重唇鱼产卵场微环境研究

Study on Micro-environment at the Spawning Fields of Gymnodiptychus dybowskiiand Diptychus maculates in the Kunes River

2006—2009年对巩乃斯河两种裂腹鱼亚科斑重唇鱼(Diptychus maculates Steindachner)和新疆裸重唇鱼(Gymnodiptychus dybowskii Kessler)产卵场环境进行了较详细的调查,主要包括:位置、流速、水深、底质、水温等,并初步提出了这两种鱼产卵场单因子适宜度曲线。结果表明:这两种鱼产卵场的环境存在着明显的差异。其中斑重唇鱼产卵场处于上游河源区,繁殖水温2～7℃;底质为大卵石,卵石直径15～80 cm;繁殖水深20～60 cm;水流速度0.3～1.0 m.s-1;而新疆裸重唇鱼产卵场处于中游河道散流区,繁殖水温8～14℃;底质为小砾石,直径5～30cm;繁殖水深10～80 cm,水流速度0.2～0.6 m.s-1。

During the period from 2006 to 2009,the spawning fields of Diptychus maculates and Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in the Kunes River were investigated,their ecological and environmental factors including the geographical location,flow velocity,water depth,bottom material and water temperature were studied in detail,and the suitability curves of the two fish species were proposed.The results showed that there were the distinct differences in the ecological and environmental factors between the spawning fields of these two fish species.The spawning fields of D.maculatus were located at the upper reaches of the river,where the breeding temperature was 2-7 ℃,bottom material was cobble stone with a diameter of 15-80 cm,water depth for breeding was 20-60 cm,and water velocity was 0.3-1.0 m·s-1;while the spawning fields of G.dybowskii were located at the middle reaches,where the breeding temperature was 8-14 ℃,bottom material was gravel with a diameter of 5-30 cm,water depth for breeding was 10-80 cm,and water velocity was 0.2-0.6 m·s-1.