中国林业对外直接投资的区域战略

REGIONAL STRATEGY OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT OF CHINESE FORESTRY

经历了 1 998年夏秋之际的大洪水 ,我国政府提出了全国禁止砍伐天然林的决定 ,这对我国木材市场将产生重大影响。我国森林资源相对贫乏 ,禁伐天然林更加扩大了林产品需求和供给之间存在的缺口。为保证我国经济的持续发展 ,有必要开发海外森林资源 ,建立自主开发的海外资源基地。本文根据国内外木材市场的供需特点和世界各国森林资源的丰饶度 ,探讨了我国木材进口。

After experiencing the catastrophic flood in the summer and autumn of 1998,the Chinese government decided to prohibit cutting natural forests.This decision inevitably affected the timber market.According to per capita available,China is one of the poorest countries in forest resources in the world.Over a long period of time China had to import forest products to make up the gap between demand and supply.To assure sustainable development of China's economy,it is necessary to exploit overseas forest resources,especially to directly invest abroad for establishing the overseas exploitation base either independently or jointly.Based on uneven distribution of forest resources in the world and the characteristics of demand supply in forest product markets at home and abroad,this paper uses the clustering analysis to discuss import strategy of China's forest product,and regional strategy of foreign direct investment.It sums up that in view of global development of China's forestry,Russia,Malaysia etc.are the optimal investment countries,Canada and other seven countries are the promising investment countries,and Brazil and other fifteen countries are the attractive investment countries which must be cautiously treated.Finally,the paper concludes that the optimal countries of foreign direct investment for paper making industry of wood pulp in Canada are North America,Russia and Oceania;and the timber processing industry should invest in Southeast Asia,Central and South America as well as Central Africa.