地理信息系统在水污染控制规划中的应用

Application of geographic information system technology in planning of water pollution control

为了合理科学地管理QJ市水污染控制规划过程中涉及的繁琐数据,并直观呈现规划结果,提出将地理信息系统技术应用其中.将QJ市103幅1∶10000的计算机辅助设计(CAD)格式的地理图形文件转换为地理信息系统支持的图形文件(Shapefile),然后将经格式转换后的文件拼接为一个文件,提取有效空间信息,以此作为空间数据;以实地调研的QJ市水文信息数据及监测数据为属性数据,建立基于地理数据库(Geodatabase)模型的水环境信息数据库.最后制作出QJ市河网分布图、水环境功能区划图、排污河渠剩余水环境容量示意图、水污染控制措施规划图.结果表明:地理信息系统使QJ市水污染控制规划的空间数据与属性数据相关联,实现规划结果可视化,为水环境管理者提供技术参考.

To manage complicated data involved in planning of water pollution control reasonably and scientifically, and to present planning results intuitively, application of geographical information systems technology was presented. At first, 103 of 1 ： 10 000 digital maps of computer aided design format files of QJ were converted into Shapefile format files, then all Shapefile format files were stitched together as a single file, the valid spatial data was extracted from the single file, and which was used as spatial data; the hydrological information data by surveying of QJ was used as the attribute data, the water environment information database for QJ based on Geodatabase model was established. At last, distribution of river system in QJ map, water environment functional zoning map, residual water environmental capacity of discharged river map and water pollution control measure planning map are made. Results show that the spatial data and attribute data of water pollution control planning for QJ are connected by using geographical information systems technology; the planning results are visual and can provide technical reference for water environmental workers.