广义C-J条件在计算含铝炸药波头参数中的应用

Application of Generalized C-J Condition at Detonation of Aluminized Explosives

含铝炸药的爆轰过程属于典型的非理想爆轰过程,其波头反应区处于多相反应流动状态,因此其波头处爆轰参数的计算一直是一个难点。在假定铝颗粒于波头处不参与化学反应且爆轰产物和铝颗粒压力、速度一致的条件下,应用连续介质模型描述了爆轰产物和铝颗粒两相之间的平衡关系,采用广义C-J条件给出了计算波头处爆压、物质速度和爆热的一组简单完备方程组。由实测得到的爆速,可以求得相应的爆压、物质点速度和波头处释放的热量。对三组不同含铝量(10%,20%,30%)的TNT含铝炸药和HMX含铝炸药的计算结果表明随着爆速的降低,对应的爆压、波头处物质速度和热量都会降低,不同含铝量的同一炸药在同一爆速条件下,含铝量越高对应的爆压值、波头处爆热值越大。同时,对计算假定和采用模型进行了一定的讨论。

The detonation performances of aluminized explosives are the typical non-ideal detonations. Because of the multiphase flowing and reacting at the front of detonation, it was difficult to obtain the detonation parameters by calculation. Assumed that the metal particles have no reaction at the front of detonation, and have the same pressure and velocity with the detonation products, using the continuum model and the general C-J relation,the full equations were obtained. Given the data of experimental detonation velocity,we can obtain the detonation pressure,particles velocity and the released heat at the front of detonation by solving the full equations. The calculations of two explosives with different aluminium content show that with the decrease of detonation velocity, the detonation pressure,mass velocity and explosion heat also deceased. When the explosives with different aluminium contents have the same detonation velocity,the higher the aluminium content,the larger the detonation pressure and the explosion heat. The calculation assumptions and the calculation model also given discussed.