甘肃省武山县儿童监护人免疫预防接种KAP调查分析

Level of KAP on Vaccination and Immunization for Children’s Guardian in Wushan County

目的了解儿童监护人使用《儿童预防接种告知书》后,其预防接种知识、态度和行为(KAP)的改变效果,探讨提高边远农村地区儿童监护人免疫规划行为的方法。方法采用随机抽样法,设计统一调查问卷,以使用和未使用《儿童预防接种告知书》的儿童监护人各420名分别作为干预组和对照组,通过询问儿童监护人获得预防接种KAP水平,并对结果进行对比分析。结果通过对干预组和对照组儿童监护人的抽查发现,经过干预后,对照组儿童监护人免疫规划认知相关指标上升率达到30.0%～88.57%;主动带孩子去预防接种门诊接种疫苗者上升到98.10%。结论使用《儿童预防接种告知书》贴切地、个体化地宣传免疫规划知识,可以提高儿童监护人免疫预防接种KAP水平。

OBJECTIVE To explore the level of knowledge, attitude and practice（KAP） about vaccination and immunization among children＇s guardian through health education and intervention. METHODS Two groups of children＇s guardian were randomly determined as intervention group and control group. The KAP was investigated by the questionnaire and levels of KAP for the two groups were evaluated. RESUKTS A total of 840（each group for 420） children＇s guardian were investigated. The level of knowledge had significantly improved from 30.0% in control group to 88.57% in intervention group. And the rate taking the children actively to clinics for vaccination increased to 98.10%. But the levels of other attitude and practice did not showed any different. CONCLUSION The new measure extended the ＂Children Fact Sheet for Vaccination＂ and face to face education can improved the level of knowledge on vaccination and immunization.