女性农民工的社会融入现状及其影响因素分析——基于湖北3市的调查

Study on the Present Situation of the Social Integration of Female Migrant Workers and Its Affecting Factors: Based on the Survey of Three Cities of Hubei Province

与农民工社会融入问题研究的广泛与深入比较而言,专门针对女性农民工的研究由于调研数据的匮乏而较多的停留在定性与个案研究层面。本项研究通过对湖北省黄石、鄂州和仙桃三市1122名女性农民工的实地调研,分析了女性农民工社会融入的现状,并从"留城意愿"的角度,通过建立logistic回归模型分析了其社会融入的影响因素。调查与回归分析结果表明:相比男性农民工而言,女性农民工的社会融入渠道更加单一,行业分布更加狭窄,就业区域更加集中;影响女性农民工社会融入的影响因素不仅包含代际差异、文化程度、流动距离与培训程度等农民工社会融入的一般共性因素,同时表明女性农民工的个性心理特征对其社会融入影响较大。针对女性农民工社会融入面临的特殊问题,本文提出了有针对性的政策建议,并指明了今后需要着重研究的方向。

Compared with the extensive and in-depth social integration studies of migrant workers, the studies on the female migrant workers were still staying on the level of qualitative studies or case studies for the lack of enough survey data. On the survey data of 1 122 female migrant workers of Huangshi City, Ezhou City, and Xiantao City in Hubei Province, this paper studied the present situation of the social integration of female migrant workers, and analyzed its affecting factors through establishing a logistic regression model from the perspective of city-residence tendency. The result showed that the social integration channels of the female migrant workers were more single, the industry distributions were more narrow, and the employment space were more concentrated than the male migrant workers ; except for the general common factors, such as inter-generation differences, educational level, flow distance and training, the psychological characteristics had a significant influence on the social integration of the female migrant workers. In order to answer the questions of the social integration confronted by the female migrant workers, this paper proposed some policy recommendations accordingly , and pointed out the future research directions.