水性聚氨酯固色剂的合成及研究

Synthesis and study of waterborne polyurethane fixing agent

以聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚丙二醇(PPG)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为原料,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂,乙二胺、二乙烯三胺为非亲水扩链剂,三乙胺(TEA)为中和剂,采用预聚体分散法合成水性聚氨酯固色剂.通过单因素分析法,优化了配方:预聚反应温度65℃、反应时间2 h,n(PEG)∶n(PPG)=2∶1,n(异氰酸酯基)/n(羟基)=2.5,DMPA 3.3%(对预聚体质量),乙二胺与二乙烯三胺的混合物作为非亲水扩链剂.与常用的几种固色剂相比,染色棉织物经此水性聚氨酯乳液整理后,织物干摩擦牢度达到4～5级;湿摩擦牢度达到4级,提高了1～2级.

Waterborne polyurethane fixing agent was synthesized using polyethylene glycol （PEG）, polypro- pylene glycol （PPG） and isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） as materials, dimethylolpropionic acid （DMPA） as hydro- philic chain extender, ethanediamine and diethylenetriamine as hydrophobic chain extender, and triethylamine （TEA） as neutralizer. Waterborne polyurethane fixing agent was synthesized by pre-polymer dispersion meth- od. By the single factor analytic approach, the optimal synthesis process was obtained： the pre-polymerization reaction was carried out at 65 ℃ for 2 h, n（PEG）：n（PPG）=2： 1, n（isocyanate groups）/n（hydroxy groups）=2.5, the usage of DMPA was 3.3% of the prepolymer, using the mixture of ethanediamine and diethylenetriamine as hydrophobic chain extender. Then the cotton fabric was finished with several traditional fixing agents and this waterborne polyurethane. The dry rubbing fastness of the cotton fabric finished with waterborne polyurethane was level 4-5. The wet rubbing fastness was level 4, and increased by level 1-2 compared with the traditional fixing agents.