强制措施与自首关系的探讨

An Analysis of Voluntary Surrender in the Coercive Measures

自首的形式构成条件是自动投案和如实供述,其实质构成条件是自愿接受司法制裁和节约司法成本,即在归案端和侦查端节约了司法成本,一般自首和余罪自首都应符合这两个条件。自动投案的认定应以本案是否采取刑事强制措施作为界限,余罪自首中一样存在自动归案的条件。在被采取刑事强制措施过程中逃跑又归案的、被采取行政强制措施后、被采取纪律强制措施后及被传唤后等情况如何认定自首,都可以依据分析自首的形式和实质构成条件得出正确的结论。

Ostensible constitutive requirements of voluntary surrender consist of voluntary surrender to justice and faithful confes- sion. Its essential constitutive requirements consist in the willingness to accept judicial conviction and the saving of justice cost in seizing and investigation. General voluntary surrender and Para -confessing one＇s crime both need the ostensible constitutive re- quirements and essential constitutive requirements. Voluntary surrender to justice should be completed before criminal coercive measures ; voluntary surrender to justice also exists in Para - confessing one＇s crime. The situation when people act voluntary sur- render to justice after criminal coercive measures and escaping; the situation when people act faithful confession after administra- tive coercive measures ; the situation when people act faithful confession after they have accepted the special time and special ad- dress supervisory measure by commission for disciplinary inspection, and the situation when people act faithful confession after being subpoenaed. All the situations could be well done by the combined application of ostensible constitutive requirement and essential constitutive requirement.