中国近代高校学生管理中的“自治”与“他治”述评

A Review of "Autonomy" and "Governance" in the Management of College Students in the Modern times

纵观中国近代高校的学生管理,有两点值得关注:一是"自治",即学生自治;另一是"他治",即学校对于学生的规束。"民国"教育方针的重新厘定和早期出国人士的"海归回游"等导致了学生自治的普及,但实际操作中学生自治存在着法律松弛,难以管理和界限不明,干预校政等问题,因此在自治同时也要实施能明确学生自治限度,具有严格的日常管理和严格教学管理的"他治",体用一致,二者不可或缺。

An overview of the management of college students in the modern times shows two notewor thy features, namely students＇ ＂autonomy＂ and the school＇s ＂governance＂ over its students. The re clarification of the educational policies of the national government and the return of the overseas students in the early 20th century led to the popularity of autonomy. However, as autonomy entailed practical problems such as laxity of law, difficulty in management, unclear demarcation and intervention in administration, governance should also be executed to define the limits of autonomy and exercise strict routine management and teaching management.