291例HIV/AIDS患者合并分枝杆菌感染情况分析

Analysis of Mycobacterium Infections in 291 Patients with HIV/AIDS

目的了解HIV/AIDS患者中分枝杆菌感染情况。方法对291例HIV/AIDS患者痰分枝杆菌培养阳性结果进行菌种鉴定:结核分枝杆菌(MTB)采用MTB PCR mix进行扩增鉴定,非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)采用16SrRNA基因测序法进行鉴定。结果 291例HIV/AIDS患者痰分枝杆菌培养阳性,其中MTB感染156例占53.61%,NTM感染135例占46.39%。NTM鉴定有15种,其中鸟分枝杆菌复合群最多占58.52%。291例患者中男性分枝杆菌感染比例为79.73%,高于女性的20.27%(P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄组结核分枝杆菌感染率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 HIV/AIDS患者痰培养分枝杆菌阳性中NTM占的比例较高。由于感染NTM的治疗方案不同,对于HIV/AIDS患者的临床诊断和治疗应重视分枝杆菌培养鉴定结果。

Objective To explore the situation of mycobacterium infections in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods Species identification of 291 sputum cultures positive in patients with HIV/AIDS was performed in the study. MTB PCR mix was used for species identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis （ MTB ）, and 16SrRNA gene sequencing for nontuberculous mycobacterium （NTM）. Results 291 sputum were cultured positive in patients with HIV/AIDS, in which 156 cases were MTB（53.61% ） and 135 cases were NTM（46.39% ）. Fifteen NTM were identified, in which mycobacterium avium-intracellulare tuberculosis complex accounted for 58.52% （the most）. In 291 patients with mycobacterium infections,the male accounted for 79.73% ,more than the female（20.27% ,P 〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in mycobacterium infection among patients with different gender and different age （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion NTM takes up a high proportion in myeobaeterium culture positive in patients with HIV/AIDS. Species identification of mycobacterium should be valued in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS for different schemes of NTM infections.