贵州省县域经济空间差异研究

ECONOMIC SPATIAL DISPARITY IN GUIZHOU PROVINCE BASED ON COUNTY

贵州省是典型的老少边穷地区,在全国省际经济发展中属于落后省份。县域是省级区域的重要单元,县域经济是省域经济和社会发展的构成部分。以县域为单元,选取了3类10项指标,运用定量方法系统分析贵州省经济空间差异现状,借助于GIS技术将贵州省县域发展状况可视化。研究表明:贵州省内同等发展层次的县域存在一定程度的空间聚集;多数地区中心城市的经济辐射带动作用没有体现;交通通达程度与经济发展程度显著相关;少数民族区域普遍落后;旅游业还有巨大的发展空间。鉴于此,贵州省未来发展方向是对中心城市、少数民族县域给予政策上的扶持,加快区域性干道、地区性支线公路以及当地便道等次级交通道路的建设,方便物资的流通、提高旅游景区的可进入性,把旅游业作为贵州省的主导产业加以发展。

Guizhou province is a typical old revolutionary base area,minority ethnic area, remote and moun- tainous area, belonging to the backward regions in regional development of the whole country. Based on e- conomic development statistic data of 88 counties in Guizhou province in 2010, this paper selected 10 repre- sentative indicators including Per Capita Gross Domestic Product, Per Capita Annual Net Income of Rural Households,Per Capita Investment in Fixed Assets, Per Capita Budgetary Revenue, Per Capita Total Re- tails Sales of Consumer Goods, Capital Construction, Rate of Rural Employment, Rate of Secondary and Tertiary Industry,Increase Rate in GDP,Number of Secondary Schools Per 10 Thousands People,and con- structed an index system to evaluate the county economic strength of Guizhou province by using AHP （an- alytic hierarchy process） method. Then according to economic strength scores of 88 counties and average and standard deviation of these scores,the 88 counties were divided into four main categories, suchas devel- oped counties, less developed counties, least developed counties and undeveloped counties. At last, county e- conomic strength was showed through a map by using GIS technology. This can contribute to a more com- prehensive understanding of regional development in Guizhou Province. The results show that： there is a certain degree of spatial aggregation in the same level of development of the counties in Guizhou province; most parts of central cities do not reflect the role of economy leader,some even develop badly;the level of economic development is significantly associated with transport accessibility; the 11 minority ethnic coun- ties belong to undeveloped ones and generally lag behind the other regions except Yuping; the tourism in- dustry has been developing very quickly,whose role of the dominant industry is beginning to show,but still has a huge space for the development. In view of this, this paper put forward recommendations for future development in Guizhou province：give policy support for central cities and the governments pay more at- tention to financial investment;speed up the process of marketization of minority ethnic areas, contr the extensive cooperation among the counties actively; accelerate the construction of secondary traff such as regional roads, local sidewalk, to facilitate the flow of supplies and improve the accessibility ist attractions;develop tourism to make it the leading industry of Guizhou province. ute to roads tour-