近50年重庆市农业气候资源变化特征分析

ANALYSIS OF CHANGING CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL CLIMATE RESOURCES OVER 50 YEARS IN CHONGQING

利用1960～2010年重庆34个气象台站的气象资料,运用统计学方法、IDW插值法分析了重庆市全年及温度生长期的平均气温、≥10℃积温、降水量和日照时数等农业气象资源的时空变化特征。结果表明:研究期内,重庆市年平均气温总体呈缓慢上升趋势,增幅为0.37℃/10a,温度生长期内≥10℃积温亦呈上升趋势,平均增速为11.62℃/10a,以东北部偏东地区增加趋势尤为明显;全市年降水量和温度生长期内降水量均呈东南向西北逐渐减少态势,平均下降速率分别为19.72mm/10a和11.85mm/10a;约90%的站点年均日照时数和温度生长期内日照时数均呈减少趋势,且西部减少的趋势较东部更加显著。

Based on the weather data from 34 meteorological stations in Chongqing during 1961-2010,and by using statistical methods and inverse distance weighted interpolation（IDW）,the changing characteristics of agricultural climate resources were analyzed. The agricultural climate resources included yearly average temperature, temperature-defined growing period mean temperature, ≥10℃ accumulated temperature, pre- cipitation and sunshine hours. The results indicated that the annual mean temperature in Chongqing showed an overall increase slowly during 1961-2010, and the growing rate was 0.37℃/10 a.≥10℃ accumulated temperature showed increasing trends in temperature-defined growing period, the mean growing rate was 11. 62℃/10 a,and the increasing trend was obvious in the east-northeast region. The annual precipitation and the precipitation in temperature-defined growing period decreased gradually from southeast to north- west,the average decreasing trend were 19.72 mm/10 a and 11.85 ram/10 a, respectively. The sunshine hours of the annual and temperature-defined growing period within about 90% meteorological stations de- creased,and the decreasing trend was more significant in west region than that in east region.