洞庭湖水质因子的多元分析

Multivariate Analysis of Water Factors in Dongting Lake

2011年1—12月在洞庭湖湖区采集360个水样,测定pH、ρ(DO)、ρ(BOD5)、ρ(TP)、ρ(CODMn)、ρ(CODCr)、ρ(NH3-N)、ρ(TN)、粪大肠菌群及ρ(Chla).采用主成分分析法对采样断面水质因子进行分析.结果表明:虞公庙、鹿角断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(DO)、ρ(BOD5)、ρ(TP)、ρ(CODMn)、ρ(CODCr)、ρ(TN)、ρ(NH3-N)及ρ(Chla);南嘴、目平湖、横岭湖和万子湖断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(TP);小河嘴断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(TP)、ρ(BOD5)和ρ(Chla);东洞庭湖断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(BOD5)和ρ(Chla);岳阳楼和洞庭湖出口断面水质主要影响因子为ρ(DO)、ρ(CODMn)、ρ(CODCr)、ρ(NH3-N)和ρ(TN).主成分综合得分对各断面水体受污染程度排序为虞公庙>鹿角>东洞庭湖>岳阳楼>洞庭湖出口>南嘴>横岭湖>目平湖>小河嘴>万子湖.

Three hundred and sixty water samples were collected from the Dongting Lake from January to December in 2011. The physio- chemical factors of water samples including pH, DO, BOD5 , TP, CODM. , CODcr, NH3-N, TN, fecal coliform and Chla were measured and analyzed by methods of the principal component analysis. The results showed that DO, BOD5 , TP, CODMn , CODcr, TN, NH3-N and Chla were the main impact factors of the water quality at Yugongmiao and Lujiao. The other sectoins, Nanzui, Muping Lake, I-Ieling Lake and Wanzi Lake were greatly influenced by the concentration of TP, while Xiaohezui was mainly influenced by concentrations of TP, BOD5 and Chla. The East-Dongting Lake was mainly influenced by concentrations of BODs and Chla. In contrast, Yueyanglou and Dongting Lake outlet were much influenced by concentrations of DO, CODMn, CODer, NH3-N and TN. Results with the scores of integrative principal component showed that the order of pollution degree in the sampling sections was as follows： Yugongmiao 〉 Lujiao 〉 East-Dongting Lake 〉 Yueyanglou 〉 Dongting Lake outlet 〉 Nanzui 〉 Hengling Lake 〉 Muping Lake 〉 Xiaohezui 〉 Wanzi Lake.