极低频脉冲电场与高压静电场对作物种子萌发影响的差异

Effects comparison of seeds germinating treated by extremely low frequency PEF and HVEF

为了明确基于极低频脉冲电场(pulsed electric field,PEF)的种子处理技术与基于高压静电场(highvoltage electrostatic field,HVEF)的种子处理技术的有效性及其差异,研究了极低频PEF和HVEF对绿豆生长的影响。结果表明,极低频PEF处理对绿豆幼苗的质量、芽长和根长都有明显的促进作用,相同强度的HVEF处理对绿豆幼苗的根长生长有一定促进作用,对芽长的影响不显著。机理研究显示,极低频PEF和HVEF处理均对萌发绿豆的氧化代谢和蛋白质代谢有一定影响,在种子萌发初期,极低频PEF处理促进了种子储藏蛋白的分解,在后期促进了新蛋白的合成,HVEF处理则对萌发后期的蛋白合成有一定促进作用。研究还发现,极低频PEF和HVEF均可通过诱发超氧阴离子自由基激活种子超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,促进过氧化物酶(POD)的合成,但是,极低频PEF对SOD和POD的影响大于HVEF。讨论了极低频PEF和HVEF对绿豆萌发影响差异的原因。

The effect of electric field on crop seeds is one of the popular issues in electric field biological effects. Previous studies were focused in high voltage electrostatic field （HVEF）, few researches on pulsed electric field （PEF）. In this study the germinating mung beans were treated in extremely low frequency PEF with 1 Hz and HVEF, and their growth indicators such as fresh quality, shoot length and root length, and associated physiological variables such as spontaneous luminescence, soluble protein content, the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and peroxidase （POD） were investigated. The results showed that fresh quality, shoot length and root length of germinating mung beans treated in PEF with 1 Hz were significantly promoted, while the effect of HVEF with the same strength was not obvious. The mechanism study indicated that the PEF and HVEF had some influences on oxidative and protein metabolism of germinating mung beans, and decomposition of storage protein in the initial stage of germination and synthesis of new protein in later stage of germination were promoted by the PEF, while HVEF promoted the synthesis of protein in later stage of germination. The study also found that the PEF and HVEF can activate SOD induced by superoxide anion free radical and promote the synthesis of POD. The cause of the difference about effect of extremely low frequency PEF and HVEF on germinating crop seeds was also discussed in this paper. It is concluded that same intensity extremely low frequency pulsed electric field （PEF） with 1 Hz and HVEF can promote crop seed germination and growth of the crop, however, the PEF with 1 Hz is more effective than HVEF.