一种高速全波形采集与高精度定位技术研究

Research on high-speed full-waveform acquisition and high-precision positioning technology in laser remote sensing

分析了新一代脉冲激光遥感对回波的全波形参量信息的需求,然后采用高精度时间间隔测量与全波形采集相结合的构架,通过精确的触发定位与完整的波形数据存储来获得回波全波形的精确时间与幅度信息,最终实现了一种高速全波形数据采集与波形序列定位系统的设计。对脉冲时间间隔测量与全波形数据存储关键技术作了着重阐述,提出了一种双脉冲沿的时间间隔测量校正方法,并进行了误差和测试分析。结果表明,系统的波形采集与定位精度高、性能可靠且易于控制,应用在激光遥感系统中将提高后续的数据分拣与反演分析处理能力,从而提升复杂目标成像及其特征提取的精度(可达1.83 cm)。

The requirement of echo full-waveform parameters in new generation pulsed laser remote sensing is analyzed;then adopting the combination architecture of high-accuracy time interval measurement and full-waveform acquisition, the precise time and amplitude information of the echo full-waveform are obtained using accurate trigger positioning and complete waveform data storage ; finally a system design of high-speed full-waveform data acquisition and waveform-sequence positioning is achieved. In the paper, the key technologies of pulse time interval measurement and full-waveform data storage are elaborated, and a correction method of time interval measurement based on dual-pulse edge is proposed. At the same time, error and test analysis is also performed. The result indicates that the system features high-accuracy waveform acquisition and positioning, reliable performance and easy to control. Applied in laser remote sensing, the system will improve the analysis and processing capability of follow-up data sorting and inversion, and promote the accuracy of complex target imaging and feature extraction （up to 1.83 cm）.