论我国著作权法修订中“合理使用”的立法技术

On the Legislative Technic of “Fair Use” in the Chinese Copyright Law Revision

"合理使用"的立法技术是我国著作权法第三次修订中有争议的问题。"合理使用"的立法模式主要有三种:开放式、半开放式和封闭式。这三种模式各有其哲学和历史的背景,其实际的运行效果并不仅仅取决于立法本身,更取决于立法与司法的互动。在总体趋势上,越来越多的国家倾向于增加"合理使用"的立法弹性。基于我国的司法现状,著作权法应当改变现有的完全封闭式立法技术,但要谨慎地设计立法的表述,平衡立法的可预见性与灵活性。

The iegislative technic of＂fair use＂ ＇isone issuecontested＇ in process of the third revision of Chinese Copyright Law. There exist three models of ＂fair use＂ rule： open, half-open and closed model, each of them originates from corresponding legal philosophy and tradition. The real effects of these models not only depend on the legislative rule itself, but to more extent on the interaction between legislation and judiciary. In general, more and more countries tend to improve the flexibility of ＂fair use＂ clause. Considering the judicial reality of China, the closed model of ＂fair use＂ in current Chinese Copyright Law should be revised with an elaborate exoression to balance the predictability and flexibility of law.