论著作权法定许可的正当性基础

The Legitimacy Basis of Copyright Statutory License

著作权法定许可的正当性基础可分从三个层面进行分析,首先维护著作权多元利益平衡;其次增进言论自由和文化繁荣;最后促进衍生作品创作。其中,著作权多元利益平衡和保护言论自由是著作权限制制度的基本共性。但是,鼓励衍生作品创作,解决现有法律制度框架下衍生作品创作的法律困境是法定许可相比其他限制制度所独有的价值和作用。因此,著作权法定许可的正当性分析包括共性和个性的分析,两者共同构成著作权法定许可正当性的基础。

The legitimacy basis of copyright statutory license can be analyzed from three levels. Firstly to maintain the balance between the various interests lied in copyright law field and secondly to promote the free speech and cultural prosperity, and lastly to boost the creation of derivative works, among which maintaining the balance of various interests and promoting the free speech are the basic character of copyright limitation system. However, encouraging the creation of derivative works and solving the legal difficulty of creation of derivative works in present legal framework only can be done by statutory license. Therefore, the legitimacy analysis of statutory license should involve the similarity and individuality, both of which constitute the basis of legitimacy of statutory license.