麻山苗族防范频发性地质灾害对策研究

Prevention Countermeasures of Frequent Geological Disasters in the Miao Area of Mashan

山体崩落是喀斯特岩溶山区一种习见的地质灾害。由于地处喀斯特石漠化灾变带,麻山地区的山体崩落现象极为频繁,并严重威胁着当地苗族乡民的日常生产和生活。立足于文化适应的理论,长期生息在这里的苗族乡民,理当拥有相应的防范对策。为了验证这一假设,笔者深入麻山腹地的紫云县宗地乡牛角村等7个村寨进行了为期3个月的调查。结果发现:当地苗族对频发性的地质灾害有着精深的理解,并能作出可靠的预测,同时他们也不乏有效的防灾、减灾措施。

The geological disasters of mountain avalanches frequently occur in karst areas. In the Miao area of Mashan Mountains, located in cataclysm zone of karst and rocky desertification, such natural disasters can be common, which bring serious threats to the daily production and life of the local Miao villagers. In accordance to the theory of cultural adaption, it is believed that the Miao villagers and their culture should have the corresponding countermeasures. To prove this assumption, the authors made a further fieldwork in 3 months in 7 townships of Ziyun County in the central part of Masban area. The data shows that the Miao villagers have a profound understanding of such natural disasters and can foretell their happening. They have effective measures to prevent or mitigate such disasters.