关于“医生对病人说慌”的哲学思考

Philosophy Issues in Lying between Doctors and Their Patients

"说谎"通常被认为是道德上不正当的行为;但对于"医生对病人说谎是否正当"的问题却引起了激烈的争论。有观点认为医生对病人说谎是错误的,因为说谎侵犯了病人有知情同意权和自主权;也有观点认为只要医生是为了病人的利益着想,那么说谎就是正确的。判断行动是否正确,离不开两大伦理学流派——以密尔为代表的效益主义与以康德为代表的义务论关于行动标准的探究。本文将会从这两个方面展开对"医生对病人说谎是否正当"的问题的探讨。最后得出结论:医生必须对病人做出人道的临床判断。因此,说谎一定不应该成为一条普遍规则。

＂Tell lies＂ is often thought to be immoral behavior; But the problem ＂Should doctors tell lies to their patients＂ has caused a heat debate. Some views think that it is wrong for the doctors to lie to their patients. Since lying infringes the patients＇ rights of informed consent and independence. While other views admitted that lying is right as long as it＇s for the patients＇ benefits. Whether an action is right or wrong, it usually judged by two criterions which are Mill＇s utilitarianism and Kant＇s deontology. And this paper will discuss the problem that should doctors lie to their patients from these two aspects. At last, there comes a conclusion that the doctors must make humane clinical judgment to their patients. Therefore, lying should never become a common rule to people.