生物纤维素及其与多糖共混纤维的结构与性能

Structure and Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Fibers and Their Blend Fibers with Polysaccharide

以生物纤维素、海藻酸和壳聚糖为原料,离子液体为溶剂,采用湿法纺丝工艺,制备了生物纤维素纤维、生物纤维素/海藻酸共混纤维和生物纤维素/壳聚糖共混纤维,研究了纤维的SEM形貌、红外光谱、力学性能、吸湿性、染色性能和抗菌性能。结果表明:纤维粗细均匀,且纵向表面光滑,无裂纹,截面近似为圆形;三种纤维的断裂强度在3.0 cN/dtex左右,接近棉纤维,比粘胶纤维好很多;三种纤维的吸湿性能均比较优异,远优于棉纤维,其中生物纤维素/海藻酸共混纤维的吸湿性最佳,其次是生物纤维素/壳聚糖共混纤维;生物纤维素/壳聚糖复合纤维的抗菌效果明显且抗菌持久性好,经过15次洗涤之后,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率仍然大于90%,具有良好的抗菌效果。

Bacterial cellulose （BC）, bacterial cellulose / alginic acid blend fibers （BC / ALG） and bacterial cellulose / chitosan blend fibers （BC / CS） were prepared using wet spinning process with bacterial cellulose, alginic acid and chitosan as raw materials and ionic liquid as solvent. The structure of these three fibers was characterized by FT-IR and SEM, while their physical properties, absorbing liquid capacity, dying performance and antibacterial properties were measured in this paper. These three fibers had uniform thickness, approximate circular cross-section and smooth longitudinal surface without crack structure. Their breaking strength was above 3.0 cN/dtex, which was close to cotton fibers＇ but higher than viscose fibers＇. Moisture absorption performance of these fibers was more outstanding and it was much better than cotton fibers. But it was poorer than calcium alginate fibers＇ moisture absorption capacity, especially of solution A which imitated the wound exudates. Antibacterial effect of BC / CS fibers was obvious and their antibacterial durability was good, while the inhibitory rate to Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli was still above 90% after 15 times washing.