不同AM菌对瘠薄土有效磷及玉米地上部植株磷含量的影响

Influences of different AM fungi on available phosphate in barren soil and phosphate in upland plant of Maize

以灭菌和未灭菌的耕层下犁底层瘠薄土为基质,以Gv,Gm,Gs,Gi等4种丛枝菌根菌(AM)为材料,研究AM菌对玉米的作用。结果表明,不同的AM菌提高土壤有效磷含量和促进玉米对磷的吸收作用不同。在土壤灭菌条件下,Gs和Gi 2种AM菌提高土壤有效磷含量和玉米地上部植株中磷含量的作用最显著。土壤没有消毒处理条件下,仅Gm菌处理的土壤有效磷和植株磷含量均显著高于对照;而Gi处理的土壤有效磷含量的增加虽未达到显著水平,但植株磷含量却极显著高于对照。在土壤灭菌条件下,Gv和Gm侵染玉米根系的进展快于Gs和Gi;而在土壤没有消毒处理条件下,Gs侵染玉米根系的进展最快,其次为Gv和Gm,Gi侵染玉米根系速度最慢。

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza （AM） fungi, Glomus vesiforme （Gv）, Glomus mosscae （Gin）, Glomus sinuosa （Gs） and Glomus intraradices （Gi） on available phosphate in soil and phosphate content in upland plant of maize with sterilized and unsterilized barren soils was studied. The results showed that available phosphorus content and phosphate content in upland plant were depended on AM fungi and soil microorganisms. Plant phosphate uptake was related to arbuscular formation process in root. In the steri- lized soil, all the AM fungi significantly enhanced available phosphorus content in soil and phosphate con- tent in plant. In the sterilized soil, the available phosphorus content in soil inoculated by Gs and Gi and phosphate content in plant were significantly higher than those inoculated by Gv and Gm. In the unsteril- ized soil, only the case the soil inoculated by Gm, the available phosphorus content in soil and phosphate content in plant was all significantly higher than control. When the soil inoculated by Gi, the available phosphorus content was not significantly higher than control, but phosphate content in plant was signifi- cantly higher than control. In the sterilized soil, infection processes of Gv and Gm into maize roots were faster than Gs and Gi, whereas in the unsterilized soil, infection process of Gs into maize roots was the fas- test, followed by Gv, Gm and Gi.