东台市沿海滩涂鼠情消长与致病性调查研究

Dongtai City Coastal Rat Growth and Pathogenicity Study

目的掌握东台市沿海滩涂地区老鼠种类、密度、季节消长与致病性情况,制订有效的预防控制策略。方法收集2005—2011年东台市报告的肾综合征出血热资料,并经个案调查核实病例,了解沿海滩涂地区发病情况,并进行"三间"分析。结果 7年间的肾综合征出血热病例中66.18%分布于沿海滩涂地区;80.88%的病例前一个月有在沿海滩涂地区作业史、就寝史和就餐史;73.53%的病例发病在10～12月份;88.24%的病例是25～50岁的青壮年;70.59%的病例是农民;男:女为10.3:1。连续一年监测,鼠密度平均为7.17%;91.28%为黑线姬鼠;鼠密度较高的月份是每年的5月份、8月份、11月份、次年1月份和2月份;发病较高区域是国华风电场开发区,开发区老鼠密度明显大于未开发的老区域;检测鼠内脏标本128份,阳性3份,阳性率为2.34%。结论要加强沿海滩涂地区,尤其是开发区域肾综合征出血热等防病知识的宣传教育工作;积极推广流行性出血热疫苗的广泛接种;强化灭鼠,特别是国华风电场开发区、三仓农场开发区。要把灭鼠工作常态化,可常年设立毒饵站、毒饵盒;临时工棚住地要防鼠灭鼠,挖好防鼠沟,定期投放鼠药,搭建"介"字型工棚。

OBJECTIVE To master the Dongtai coastal region of rat species, density, seasonal fluctuation and pathogenic condition, the development of effective preventive control strategy. METHODS The 2005--2011 year Dongtai City report of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, and the case to investigate and verify the case, understand the coastal area of disease, and ＂three＂ analysis. RESULTS Seven cases 66.18% distribution in the coastal region of the disease. 80.88% a month before in the coastal region, operation history to history, eating history. 73.53% of disease in 10-12 months. 88.24% are young adults aged 25-50, 70.59% of the 70.59% it is a farmer, the male：female ratio of 10.3：1. One year of continuous monitoring, the rat density averaged 7.17%. 91.28% was apodemus agrarius; January and February, higher regions are guohua wind farm development zone, development zone mouse densities significantly greater than the old and undeveloped areas, detection of internal organs specimen 128, 3 positive, positive rates 2.34%. CONCLUSION To strengthen the coastal areas, especially the development of the area of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and disease prevention knowledge propaganda and education, actively promote the epidemic hemorrhagic fever vaccine of widespread vaccination; strengthen the rodent, especially Guohua Wind Farm Development Zone, 3 storehouses Farm Development Zone to rodent work normalization, perennial establishment of bait stations, poison bait box temporary work shed, cease to rodent control, rat proof ditch dug, regular delivery of raticide, build＂ medium＂ font shed.