坦克舱室有害因素对乘员血清脂质过氧化物和抗氧化酶活性的影响

Effect of harmful factors on lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidative enzymes in tank occupational population

目的探讨坦克舱室有害因素长期暴露对乘员血清过氧化脂质水平及抗氧化能力的影响。方法选取169名职业性坦克乘员为观察组,并以1∶1配对在同一部队选取基本情况相似的169名不接触任何毒物的健康战士作为对照组。以化学比色法测定2组人员血清脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的活性。结果观察组血清SOD、GSH-Px活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),MPO活性显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。与同年龄段的对照组相比,>20～25岁年龄段组MDA含量及MPO活性显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),SOD、GSH-Px活性显著降低(P<0.05)。与同军龄段的对照组相比,观察组≤2年军龄段组SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05),MPO活性显著升高(P<0.01);观察组>2～5年军龄段组MDA含量和MPO活性显著升高(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,观察组不同坦克作业岗位中炮长血清MPO活性显著升高(P<0.01),驾驶员血清SOD及GSH-Px活性显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),MPO活性显著升高(P<0.01)。结论长期暴露于舱室有害因素的坦克乘员受到的氧化损伤加重,同时机体的抗氧化能力降低;不同年龄段、军龄段及作业岗位的坦克乘员中,分别以>20～25岁、>2～5年军龄段及坦克驾驶员受到的氧化损伤最严重。

Objective To explore the effect of harmful factors in tank cabins on lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidative enzymes in tank crews. Methods One hundred and sixty-nine soldiers occupied in tanks were enrolled as an observation group, and 169 soldiers without any toxicant contact in the same force were served as a control group. The content of malondialdehyde （MDA） and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px）, catalase （CAT） and myeloperoxidase （MPO） in the soldiers＇ sera were measured with colorimetric method. Results The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （ P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01 ）, while the MPO activity was significantly higher （P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with the soldiers with same age in the control group, the MDA content and MPO activity of soldiers aged from 21 to 25 years in the observation group increased significantly （P 〈0. 05, P 〈0.01 ）, and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px decreased significantly （P 〈0.05）. Compared with the soldiers with same occupational years in the control group, the SOD activity of soldiers with less than 2 occupational years in the observation group decreased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） , and the MPO activity increased significantly （P 〈0.01）. Compared with the soldiers with same occupational years in the control group, the MDA content and MPO activity of soldiers with 3 to 5 occupational years in the observation group increasedsignificantly （P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with the control group, the MPO activity increased significantly in tank gunners （P 〈 0.01 ） ; the SOD and GSH-Px activities decreased significantly （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01 ） and MPO activity increased significantly in tank drivers （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Tank crews occupationally suffer from oxidative damage and their antioxidant capacities decrease significantly. Among the tank crews in observa- tion group, tank drivers, those aged from 21 to 25 years, and those with 3 to 5 occupational years suffer most from oxidative damage.